The Key Differences Between Submersible Pumps and Jet Pumps
Two widely common pumps for pumping water from wells or other water sources are submersible pumps and jet pumps.
Two widely common pumps for pumping water from wells or other water sources are submersible pumps and jet pumps. Both have advantages and disadvantages, and homeowners or residents need to understand their primary differences to make an informed decision.
Working Principle
The fundamental difference between submersible pumps and jet pumps lies in their working principles.
Submersible Pumps
Submersible pumps can be immersed in a water source, such as a well or a borehole. They consist of a hermetically sealed motor in a watertight housing. The motor drives an impeller that pushes water to the surface. Submersible pumps are typically installed deep in the water source and operate by pushing the water to the surface.
Jet Pumps
Jet pumps are positioned above the water source and pull the water up. They utilize suction to draw water into the system. Jet pumps create a partial vacuum using a venturi mechanism, which creates a pressure difference that draws water from the source. These pumps often require additional components, such as a pressure tank and a foot valve, to function effectively.
Installation Requirements
The installation requirements for submersible pumps and jet pumps differ significantly.
Submersible Pumps
Installing a submersible pump involves submerging the pump unit in the water source, typically a well or a borehole. The pump is lowered into the well and suspended on a pipe or cable. A secure electrical connection is made to power the motor.
Submersible pumps require a clean water source and are suitable for deep wells or wells with limited space for above-ground equipment. They are often considered a more efficient and low-maintenance option.
Jet Pumps
Installing a jet pump requires positioning the pump above the water source, such as a well or a water storage tank. The pump is connected to the source through a suction pipe or hose. Jet pumps also require a dedicated pressure tank to store water and maintain pressure.
Additionally, a foot valve at the bottom of the suction pipe prevents water from flowing back into the source. Jet pumps are suitable for shallow wells or wells with sufficient space for above-ground equipment. Due to their above-ground components, they may require more regular maintenance.
Performance Characteristics
The performance characteristics of submersible pumps and jet pumps differ in terms of efficiency, pumping capacity, and pressure capabilities.
Efficiency
Submersible pumps are generally considered more efficient because they are submerged in the water source and push water to the surface. This feature eliminates the need for suction and reduces the energy required for pumping.
On the other hand, jet pumps rely on suction and may be less efficient as they have to pull the water up. Pump efficiency is an essential factor to consider, as it directly affects energy consumption and operating costs.
Pumping Capacity
Submersible pumps typically have higher pumping capacities than jet pumps. They can pump larger volumes of water over longer distances, making them suitable for high-demand applications.
Jet pumps, on the other hand, are better suited for lower pumping capacities and shorter distances. The pumping capacity of the pump should be chosen based on the water requirements of the household or the specific application, such as irrigation or industrial use.
Pressure Capabilities
Submersible pumps can generate higher pressures than jet pumps, making them more suitable for high-pressure water applications such as irrigation systems or pressure boosting in multi-story buildings.
Jet pumps have lower pressure capabilities and may not be suitable for high-pressure applications. The pressure requirement depends on the specific needs of the household or the application, so choosing a plump that can meet those requirements makes the most sense.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Submersible pumps and jet pumps have advantages and disadvantages, which property owners should consider when choosing the right pump for their specific needs.
Submersible Pump Advantages
Energy Efficiency: Submersible pumps are generally more energy-efficient as they do not rely on suction to pull water.
Low Noise: Because they are submerged in water, submersible pumps tend to produce less noise than jet pumps.
Suitable for Deep Wells: Submersible pumps are ideal for deep wells where the water level is significantly below the ground level.
Low Maintenance: Since submersible pumps are underwater, they require less maintenance than jet pumps.
Submersible Pump Disadvantages
Cost: Submersible pumps are generally more expensive compared to jet pumps, both in terms of initial purchase and installation costs.
Difficult Accessibility: Accessing a submersible pump for maintenance or repairs can be more challenging as it requires retrieving the pump from a water source. Additional equipment or professional assistance may be required.
Jet Pump Advantages
Cost-effective: Generally, jet pumps are more affordable than submersible pumps, making them a suitable choice for homeowners on a budget.
Accessibility: Jet pumps are located above ground, so they are easier to access for maintenance and repairs.
Suitable for Shallow Wells: Jet pumps are well-suited for shallow wells where the water level is close to the ground surface.
Versatile: Jet pumps can be used for various applications, including well water supply, irrigation, and small-scale industrial use.
Jet Pump Disadvantages
Limited Efficiency: Jet pumps are less efficient than submersible pumps as they rely on suction to draw water.
Limited Pumping Capacity: Jet pumps have lower pumping capacities and may not be suitable for high-demand water applications.
Limited Pressure Capability: Jet pumps are limited in their ability to generate high-pressure water, making them unsuitable for applications that require high pressure.
Choosing the Right Pump
When deciding between a submersible pump and a jet pump, it's important to consider specific requirements and constraints. Here are a few factors to consider:
Well Depth
A submersible pump may be the better option if the well is deep or a borehole, as it can handle higher pumping capacities and pressures.
Water Requirements
Consider the amount of water needed for a household or specific application. Submersible pumps are typically more suitable for high-demand water needs.
Space Constraints
Well owners with limited space above the well or those who need to install the pump in a confined area should consider a submersible pump.
Budget
Jet pumps generally have a lower initial cost than submersible pumps, making them more budget-friendly. However, long-term operating costs must also be considered.
Maintenance
If easy access for maintenance or repair is essential, a jet pump may be more suitable as it is installed above ground.
It is also advisable to consult with a professional pump installer or a water system specialist to assess the property's specific needs and provide expert advice on the most suitable pump for the application.
Submersible pumps and jet pumps differ in their working principles, installation requirements, efficiency, pumping capacity, pressure capabilities, and advantages and disadvantages. Homeowners or residents should carefully evaluate these factors to make an informed decision about which pump type is best suited for their specific needs.
Perry-Pump Repair Services is a water well repair company owned by a third-generation water specialist and manned by highly trained technicians who diagnose and repair low-pressure, no water, air on lines, and more. We offer commercial and residential customers in Lake Butler and surrounding areas wellhead extension and repair, jet pumps, deep and shallow wells, submersible pumps, booster pumps, sediment filters, constant pressure systems, contactless pressure switches, and irrigation pumps. Give us a call at (352) 474 - 7142.
